elisa freschiBhedābheda and Viśiṣṭādvaita Vedānta – elisa freschi https://elisafreschi.com These pages are a sort of virtual desktop of Elisa Freschi. You can find here my cv and some random thoughts on Sanskrit (and) Philosophy. All criticism welcome! Contributions are also welcome! Thu, 23 Apr 2026 12:52:37 +0000 en-US hourly 1 Bhedābheda and Viśiṣṭādvaita Vedānta https://elisafreschi.com/2015/07/17/bhedabheda-and-visi%e1%b9%a3%e1%b9%adadvaita-vedanta/ https://elisafreschi.com/2015/07/17/bhedabheda-and-visi%e1%b9%a3%e1%b9%adadvaita-vedanta/#respond Fri, 17 Jul 2015 14:08:13 +0000 elisa freschi http://elisafreschi.com/?p=1794 Is the world existent at every time?

There are several important differences between Bhāskara’s Bhedābheda and Rāmānuja’s Viśiṣṭādvaita Vedānta, but I will focus here only on one aspect, namely that of the existence of the world respective to the brahman. According to Bhāskara,

During the cosmic night all is ”one” in brahman, but during the cosmic day the whole universe is spread out and is clearly different from brahman. (Carman 2007, p. 62)

Thus, there are moments of bheda ‘distinction’ and moments of abheda ‘non distinction’ between the brahman and the world.

By contrast, according to Viśiṣṭādvaita Vedānta the world is at every moment of time a characteristic (viśeṣa) of the brahman and in this sense it never ceases to exist completely (see Schmücker forthcoming), nor is it ever completely identical with it.

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