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	<title>elisa freschiSucarita Miśra on apoha &#8212;On Kataoka 2014a &#8211; elisa freschi</title>
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		<title>Sucarita Miśra on apoha &#8212;On Kataoka 2014a</title>
		<link>https://elisafreschi.com/2014/04/11/sucarita-misra-on-apoha-on-kataoka-2014a/</link>
		<comments>https://elisafreschi.com/2014/04/11/sucarita-misra-on-apoha-on-kataoka-2014a/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 11 Apr 2014 12:42:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>elisa freschi</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[abhāva]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advaita Vedānta]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[books/articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[language and linguistics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mīmāṃsā]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nyāya]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pramāṇavāda]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dharmottara]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Jayanta]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kei Kataoka]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kumārila Bhaṭṭa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sucarita]]></category>
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				<description><![CDATA[Who is the most productive scholar on Indian Philosophy? Kei Kataoka is surely in the top-10 (have a look at his publications here). He has just published a critical edition of the apoha section of Sucarita&#8217;s commentary on the Ślokavārttika. The text is available only in manuscripts, so that this article is a precious addition [&#8230;]]]></description>
					<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Who is the most productive scholar on Indian Philosophy? Kei Kataoka is surely in the top-10 (have a look at his publications <a href="http://www.k4.dion.ne.jp/~sanskrit/WorksJ.html" target="_blank">here</a>).<span id="more-665"></span><br />
He has just published a critical edition of the <em>apoha</em> section of Sucarita&#8217;s <a href="http://elisafreschi.blogspot.co.at/2013/01/kumarilas-commentators.html" target="_blank">commentary</a> on the <em>Ślokavārttika</em>. The text is available only in manuscripts, so that this article is a precious addition to our knowledge of Sucarita. On top of that, as usual, Kataoka&#8217;s work displays his knowledge of many schools of Indian philosophy (Nyāya-Vedānta-Mīmāṃsā-Buddhist Pramāṇavāda) and of their interactions in the second half of the first millennium.</p>
<p>More in detail, he reconstructs how Vācaspati (probably, I would add, since there is always the chance of a shared background of live discussions, what I call &#8220;interlanguage&#8221;) derived some of his anti-<em>apoha</em> arguments from Sucarita:</p>
<ol>
<li>First, both Sucarita and Vācaspati follow Kumārila in starting their rebuttal of apoha by questioning its locus (<em>āśraya</em>, &#8220;reference&#8221; in linguistics). If this is a <em>vikalpa</em> &#8216;unreal conceptual construction&#8217;, then how does it come that I keep on understanding the same thing when I hear the word &#8220;cow&#8221;? If the reference is as ephemorous as an erroneous concept, the meaning of the word should change without interruption. Kataoka&#8217;s argument is strengthened by the fact that Jayanta, the other early-but-post-Dharmottara opposer of apoha, uses a different strategy.</li>
<li>both Sucarita and Vācaspati note that <em>apoha</em> cannot at the same time express something positive (<em>vidhirūpa</em>) while only being a conceptual construction (<em>kalpita</em>). Here Kataoka is on a less sure ground, given that the problem of the contrast between the negative nature of <em>apoha</em> and the fact that it seemingly expresses positive (<em>vidhirūpa</em>) entities had already been noted by Jayanta (NM, apohadūṣaṇa, sections 2 and 3.1 of Kataoka&#8217;s edition), but it is also true that Jayanta does not juxtapose <em>vidhirūpa</em> and <em>kalpita</em>.</li>
<li>Last comes an interesting point. Sucarita and Vācaspati agree in describing Dharmottara&#8217;s position as descriving the word-meaning as something conceptually constructed and ultimately false (<em>alīka</em>). However, in a later passage Vācaspati uses a more complex term, namely <em>alīkabāhyatva</em>. This might be an evidence of the fact that Vācaspati was following Sucarita (and not the other way round), but incorporated a term which had just been introduced in the debate (possibly by Jñānaśrīmitra, who speaks of <em>āropitabāhyatva</em>).</li>
</ol>
<p>This last point is convincing as for the relative chronology of Sucarita and Vācaspati, but I must admit that I am not sure I understood what is <em>conceptually</em> at stake in this terminological change. Does it mean that Sucarita is just speaking of the <em>apoha</em> as false, whereas Jñānaśrīmitra speaks of this falsity as appearing as if it were external? If so, then this seems to be just another way to state Dharmottara&#8217;s <a href="http://elisafreschi.blogspot.co.at/2012/04/apoha-in-dharmottara.html" target="_blank">position</a> that <em>apoha</em> is neither internal nor external, but rather an internal construction which appears as if it were external (<em>kaścid āropita ākāraḥ</em>). Jñānaśrīmitra and Vācaspati may have introduced a terminological novelty, but I am not sure whether there was also a conceptual novelty beyond it.</p>
<p><strong>Do you identify a development in the <em>apoha</em> theory after Dharmottara?</strong><br />
<small>For another post on Kumārila&#8217;s commentators, see <a href="http://elisafreschi.blogspot.co.at/2013/01/kumarilas-commentators.html" target="_blank">here</a>. On Dharmottara&#8217;s position on <em>apoha</em>, see <a href="http://elisafreschi.blogspot.co.at/2012/04/apoha-in-dharmottara.html" target="_blank">here</a> and <a href="http://elisafreschi.blogspot.co.at/2010/01/on-exclusion-as-meaning-of-word-apoha.html" target="_blank">here</a>. On <em>apoha</em> you might also enjoy <a href="http://elisafreschi.blogspot.co.at/2012/01/world-sanskrit-conference-2-meaning-in.html" target="_blank">this</a> post.</small></p>
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